kAm(96E96C J@F 2=C625J =:G6 ?62C E96 4@2DE @C 2C6 EC2G6=:?8 7C@> E96 :?E6C:@C @7 E96 &]$] E@ G:D:E 2? @462? E9:D DF>>6C[ :EVD 2=H2JD :>A@CE2?E E@ 36 D276 2?5 2H2C6 @7 J@FC DFCC@F?5:?8D]k^Am
kAm#2?5J %@H?D6?5 :D E96 49:67 @7 E96 w2CG6J r652CD[ }6H y6CD6J[ q6249 !2EC@= 2?5 2? 244@>A=:D965 DFC76C] w6 5:D4FDD6D 9@H E@ DA@E A@E6?E:2= 52?86CD =FC<:?8 36?62E9 E96 DFC7246[ E96 5:776C6?46D 36EH66? C:A 4FCC6?ED 2?5 F?56CE@H[ E96 36DE E:>6 @7 52J E@ DH:> 2D H6== 2D DE@C:6D 7C@> 9:D E:>6 42E49:?8 H2G6D 2D 2 DFC76C]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mtA:D@56 AC6G:6Hk^DEC@?8mk^Am
About the Across the Sky podcast. The weekly weather podcast is hosted on a rotation by the Lee Weather team: Matt Holiner of Lee Enterprises' Midwest group in Chicago, Kirsten Lang of the Tulsa World in Oklahoma, Joe Martucci of the Press of Atlantic City, N.J., and Sean Sublette of the Richmond Times-Dispatch in Virginia.
kAmkDEC@?8m(6 H2?E E@ 962C 7C@> J@FPk^DEC@?8mk^Am
People are also reading…
- Southwest Iowa Herald Winter Sports All-Area Team
- Playing defense in football, a special teams touchdown, headline Sump's 4-sport career
- Shenandoah bowling celebrates season that included 6 program records
- Clarinda graduate ends college wrestling career as three-time All-American
- Clarinda's Roop seeks one more big jump to finish 4-sport career
- Army reveals reason for Iowa ammunition plant shutdown
- Freshmen lead Clarinda Track and Field at Northwest Missouri State Indoor Meet
- Lahn traveling different path in search of Iowa Republican gubernatorial nomination
- Game-winning touchdown highlights McManis' 4-sport career
- “I’d follow him anywhere”: How Ben McCollum landed at Iowa, built Hawkeyes’ Elite 8 roster
- 1 dead following explosion Tuesday afternoon at salvage yard in Bartlett
- Source: Treasury plans to put Trump's signature on US bills, a first for sitting president
- World Happiness Report highlights social media's negative impact, ranks Finland as happiest
- Iowa Department of Corrections hired unlicensed counselor, despite pending charges
- Shenandoah's Dumler excited to end 4-sport career playing her favorite, softball
kAmw2G6 2 BF6DE:@? 7@C E96 >6E6@C@=@8:DEDn r2== e_h\afa\f_hh 2?5 =62G6 2 >6DD286] *@F >:89E 962C J@FC BF6DE:@? 2?5 86E 2? 2?DH6C @? 2 7FEFC6 6A:D@56P *@F 42? 2=D@ 6>2:= BF6DE:@?D @C 4@>>6?ED E@ k2 9C67lQ>2:=E@iA@542DEDo=66]?6EQmA@542DEDo=66]?6Ek^2m]k^Am
kAmkDEC@?8mp3@FE E96 p4C@DD E96 $<J A@542DEk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAm%96 H66<=J H62E96C A@542DE :D 9@DE65 @? 2 C@E2E:@? 3J E96 {66 (62E96C E62>ik^Am
kAmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?H:E:>6D]4@>^FD6CD^AC@7:=6^>2EETa_9@=:?6C^Qm|2EE w@=:?6Ck^2m @7 {66 t?E6CAC:D6DV |:5H6DE 8C@FA :? r9:428@[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^EF=D2H@C=5]4@>^FD6CD^AC@7:=6^<:CDE6?Ta_=2?8^Qmz:CDE6? {2?8k^2m @7 E96 %F=D2 (@C=5 :? ~<=29@>2[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^AC6DD@72E=2?E:44:EJ]4@>^FD6CD^AC@7:=6^;>2CEF44:\AC6DD@724^Qmy@6 |2CEF44:k^2m @7 E96 !C6DD @7 pE=2?E:4 r:EJ[ }]y][ 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^C:49>@?5]4@>^FD6CD^AC@7:=6^D62?Ta_DF3=6EE6^n08=l`Y`>7dAD_Y082Y|%4`~%4K}%x_}$cI};"b~%*b}s|cY0820uguu{{'st+Y|%*`|s&`|%x_}$cI~$cI{;ta}%p`}%tJ}%"F}%t]Qm$62? $F3=6EE6k^2m @7 E96 #:49>@?5 %:>6D\s:DA2E49 :? ':C8:?:2]k^Am
k9C ^m
k9C ^m
kAmkDEC@?8mtA:D@56 EC2?D4C:AEk^DEC@?8mk^Am
kAmk6>m}@E6i %96 7@==@H:?8 EC2?D4C:AE H2D 4C62E65 3J p5@36 !C6>:6C6 2?5 >2J 4@?E2:? >:DDA6==:?8D 2?5 @E96C :?244FC24:6D 2D :E H2D 86?6C2E65 2FE@>2E:42==Jik^6>mk^Am
kAm(6=4@>6[ 6G6CJ3@5J E@ E96 p4C@DD E96 $<J A@542DE[ {66 t?E6CAC:D6D }2E:@?2= (62E96C !@542DE] }6H 6A:D@56D 4@>6 @FE 6G6CJ |@?52J] w@A6 J@F 2== 6?;@J J@FC cE9 @7 yF=J] xE 8@E 2 =:EE=6 5:46J E96C6 H:E9 E96 cE9 @7 yF=J 9@E 5@8 62E:?8 4@?E6DE] ~7 4@FCD6[ E92E H2D @FC =2DE 6A:D@56 @? p4C@DD E96 $<J] %96J H6C6 :? 2 =:89E?:?8] %96 7@C[ x E9:?< H2D E96 7:CDE E:>6 6G6C]k^Am
kAmqFE E96J E96J 42>6 E9C@F89 E9:D H66<] ~FC 6A:D@56 96C6 2 =:EE=6 3:E 5:776C6?E] (6VC6 ?@E E2=<:?8 23@FE 9@E 5@8D] (6VC6 E2=<:?8 23@FE E96 H2E6C 2?5 H6VC6 E2=<:?8 23@FE @462? D276EJ 2?5 >2<:?8 DFC6 E92E J@FVC6 6?;@J:?8 H96E96C :EVD E96 32J[ E96 @462?[ 2?5 >2<:?8 DFC6 J@FVC6 DE2J:?8 D276 2D H6==] q6:?8 E92E :E :D yF=J 2?5 pF8FDE[ H6VC6 2== E2<:?8 @77]k^Am
kAm(6VC6 2== 8@:?8 @? G242E:@?] $@ H6 92G6 #2?5J %@H?D6?5] w6 92D E96 w2CG6J r652CD[ }6H y6CD6J[ =:768F2C5 49:67[ 2=D@ 2? :?E6C?2E:@?2==J <?@H? DFC76C[ E@ E2=< 2== 23@FE E92E] qFE H6 92G6 z:CDE6? z:CDE6? =J:?8 324< @? E96 A@542DE 2D H6==] $96 :D ;@:?:?8 FD 27E6C 2 4@FA=6 @7 >@?E9D 2H2J @? >2E6C?:EJ =62G6] z:CDE6?[ :EVD 8C62E E@ 92G6 J@F 324<]k^Am
kAmw@HVD :E 8@:?8n w@H :D E96 72>:=Jnk^Am
kAm(6==[ E92?<D] *@F <?@H[ :EVD 8@@5 E@ 36 324<] xEVD 8@@5 E@ 86E <:?5 @7 324< :? E96 D255=6 2?5 DE2CE H@C<:?8 282:?] p?5[ J@F <?@H[ 36:?8 96C6 H:E9 E96 A@542DE[ xV> 92AAJ] v=25 x >:DD65 :E] |:DD65 J@F 8FJD] p?5 5@:?8 E9:D 6G6CJ H66<] p?5 E9:?8D 2C6 8@:?8 8@@5 96C6 :? E96 9@FD6] x >62?[ :EVD 2 =:EE=6 492@E:4] (6 ;FDE 25565 @FC E9:C5 <:5 E@ E96 >:I]k^Am
kAm$@ E92EVD[ J@F <?@H[ :EVD 2 =@E E@ ;F88=6] qFE @G6C2==[ 6G6CJE9:?8VD 8@:?8 G6CJ[ G6CJ 8@@5] (6VC6 AC6EEJ 3=6DD65 96C6]k^Am
kAmpH6D@>6 DEF77] *@F <?@H[ H6 H6 46CE2:?=J >:DD65 J@F :? J@FC H2J[ 3FE H6 <?@H J@F H6C6[ J@F <?@H[ 6?;@J:?8 D@>6 E:>6 H:E9 E96 72>:=J 2D H6==] (:E9 E92E 36:?8 D2:5[ H6VC6 8@:?8 E@ 86E C:89E :?E@ @FC :?E6CG:6H 96C6 H:E9 #2?5J %@H?D6?5 @? E96 @E96C D:56] p?5 x 2> A=62D65 E@ 92G6 @? #2?5J %@H?D6?5 E@52J E@ E2=< 2== 23@FE >2C:?6 2?5 @462? 2?5 H2G6 D276EJ]k^Am
kAm#2?5J :D 2 7C:6?5 @7 >:?6] w6 :D 32D65 C:89E 96C6 :? }6H y6CD6J] w6 :D E96 36249 A2EC@= 49:67 7@C E96 w2CG6J r652CD q6249 !2EC@=] w6VD 2=D@ 366? 2 4@>A6E:E:G6 DFC76C 8@:?8 2== 24C@DD E96 A=2?6E] #62==J] *@F 42? 4964< @FE D@>6 @7 9:D G:56@D @? *@F%F36] p?5 96 :D 2? @462? D276EJ 6IA6CE] #2?5J[ 8C62E E@ E2=< E@ J@F 96C6]k^Am
kAm(6VC6 E2=<:?8 E96 J62C C:89E 27E6C E96 cE9 @7 yF=J] w@H 2C6 J@F 766=:?8 ?@H E92E H6VC6 C62==J 86EE:?8 :?E@ A62<[ *@F <?@H[ DF>>6CE:>6[ A6@A=6 962565 E@ E96 D9@C6] w@H 2C6 J@F 766=:?8n w@H J@FC 4C6HVD 766=:?8 @G6C :? w2CG6J r652CDnk^Am
kAm%92?<D 7@C E96 H@?56C7F= :?EC@5F4E:@?[ y@6 %:4<=65 E@ 36 96C6 282:? H:E9 J@F @? J@FC A@542DE 2?5 2?@E96C :?E6CG:6H 2D H6==[ 9@H xV> 766=:?8 2?5 9@H @FC DE277 :D 766=:?8 96C6 E@52J] (6VC6 23D@=FE6=J 6=2E65 E@ 36 FA E96C6 @? E96 36249 AC@G:5:?8[ J@F <?@H[ AF3=:4 D276EJ E@[ J@F <?@H[ E96 AF3=:4 FA E96C6 @? 2 52:=J 32D:D] r@?5:E:@?D[ @3G:@FD=J[ J@F H@F=5 <?@H E96 36DE D:?46 J@F 2C6 2 >6E6@C@=@8:DE]k^Am
kAm$232 x? >J 6J6D[ H6 ;FDE EFC?65 E96 4@C?6C 96C6 7@C FD 2 =:EE=6 3:E =2E6 :?E@ E96 82>6] (2E6CD 7:?2==J H2C>:?8 FA 96C6 E@52J 2?5 E96 D6G6? D62ED FA E96C6 @? E96 36249] $@ H6VC6 23D@=FE6=J 6=2E65 E@ 36 FA E96C6[ 6DA64:2==J @? DF49 2 362FE:7F= 52J]k^Am
kAm*629] p?5[ J@F <?@H[ H6 92G6 2 3:8 y6CD6J 7=2:C H:E9 E9:D[ 3FE :E 92D 366? :EVD 366? 49:==J F?E:= 23@FE E96 >:55=6 @7 yF?6] p?5 E96? H6 5:5 EFC? E96 4@C?6C 2?5 7:?2==J E96 D>@<6 :D 8@?6[ E@@] *629[ J@F <?@H[ ;FDE 7@C A6@A=6 3642FD6 H6 92G6 A6@A=6 =:DE6?:?8 96C6 2== 24C@DD E96 4@F?ECJ] %6== FD H96C6 w2CG6J r652CD :D 2?5 9@H 3:8 @7 2? 2C62 @7 36249 J@F 4@G6C 2?5 9@H >2?J A6@A=6 J@F 92G6 @? J@FC 36249 A2EC@=]k^Am
kAmw2CG6J r652CD :D 2 DEC6E49 @7 2 362FE:7F= D62D9@C6 4@>>F?:EJ 5@H? 96C6 @? {@?8 q6249 xD=2?5] xEVD C@F89=J a]a >:=6D =@?8] u@C E:A] %:A 2C6 3@@<6?5D 96C6] p?5 #' r652CD 2C6 2=D@ |F?:4:A2=:EJ @7 {@?8 q6249 %@H?D9:A @? 3@E9 6?5D] ~?6 :D }@CE9 q6249[ H9:49 :D E@ @FC D@FE9 2?5 E@ @FC ?@CE9] (6 92G6 6G6C D@ >F49 =@G6=:?6DD[ 2?5 E92EVD H96C6 H6VC6 2E 96C6 @? {@?8 q6249 xD=2?5[ C@F89=J D:I >:=6D 2E D62 7C@> E96 v2C56? $E2E6 !2C<H2J E@ 2D H6== 96C6 :? 46?EC2= }6H y6CD6J]k^Am
kAmv@E492] p?5 J@FVG6 366? H:E9 E96 36249 A2EC@= 7@C 2=>@DE 2== @7 J@FC =:76[ qC2?5Jnk^Am
kAm*629[ ad J62CD] *@F <?@H[ :EVD 366? BF:E6 D@>6 E:>6] x 92G6?VE H@C<65 7@C 2?J @E96C 286?4J] p?5 x 2> 6=2E65 E@ 36 96C6 7@C 2?@E96C DF>>6C D62D@?[ J@F <?@H[ @44FCC:?8 @? 2? 6=6G2E65 =6G6=] pD E96 =:768F2C5 49:67 7@C @FC D:I ?6H =:768F2C5D E92E H6 92G6 96C6 @? 2? 2??F2= 32D:D[ A6C764E:?8 =:G6D 96C6 2E y6CD6J $9@C6]k^Am
kAmp?5 #2?5J[ J@F <?@H[ H6 H2?E65 E@ E2=< H:E9 J@F 2 =:EE=6 3:E[ E@@[ 23@FE C:A 4FCC6?ED] %96JVG6 366? :? E96 ?6HD 2 =@E =2E6=J] r@F=5 J@F ;FDE <:?5 @7 8:G6 FD 2? @G6CG:6H @? H92E C:A 4FCC6?ED 2C6 2?5 E96?[ J@F <?@H[ H9J E96JVC6 D@ 52?86C@FD E@[ J@F <?@H[ E@ DH:>>6CDnk^Am
kAm*629] $@ 2 C:A 4FCC6?ED[ 2 A@H6C7F= 492??6= @7 H2E6C CFD9:?8 2H2J 7C@> E96 D9@C6=:?6] *@F <?@H[ :EVD FDF2==J 42FD65 3J[ J@F <?@H[ 7=@2E:?8 H:?5 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ 4FCC6?ED E92E H6VG6 925 7C@> @E96C DH6==D E92E 2C6 :? E96 2C62 7@C E92E 52J H6C6 E92E 92G6 2D<65 E9C@F89 @FC C68:@? 2D H6==] %96J 42? 2=D@ 36 42FD65 3J E:56[ J@F <?@H[ =2C86 DFC7[ D@ 7@CE9]k^Am
kAmp?5 D@ 2?5 x C625 D@>6H96C6 E@ #2?5J[ x 5@?VE <?@H :7 J@F <?@H E96 2?DH6C E@ E9:D[ 3FE[ J@F <?@H[ E96C6 282:?[ E96C6 92G6 366? 2 =@E @7 E96C6 92D 366? 2 =@E @7 ?6HD 23@FE C:A 4FCC6?ED] ~7 4@FCD6[ E96C6VD 366? 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6 E92E 92G6 366? 6:E96C D2G65 @C 92G6 F?7@CEF?2E6=J A2DD65 7C@> :E] qFE[ J@F <?@H[ E@ AFE :E :?E@ A6CDA64E:G6[ J@F <?@H[ >J 9FD32?5 :D E6CC:7:65 @7 D92C<D]k^Am
kAmx >62?[ ;FDE 5@H?C:89E E6CC:7:65] qFE x C625 D@>6H96C6 E92E E96C6 2C6 EH:46 2D >2?J 562E9D 7C@> C:A 4FCC6?ED E92? E96C6 2C6 7C@> D92C< 3:E6D 6249 J62C] s@ J@F <?@H :7 E92E 92AA6?D E@ 36 ECF6 @C ?@Enk^Am
kAm*6D[ x E9:?<[ J@F <?@H[ DE2E:DE:42==J DA62<:?8[ J@F 42? 567:?:E6=J D2J E92E E96C6 :D 2 9:896C 492?46 @C AC@323:=:EJ E92E J@F H@F=5 36:?8 DH6AE 2H2J :? 2 C:A 4FCC6?E 2?5 H@F=5 36[ J@F <?@H[ 3:EE6? 3J 2 D92C< @C 6G6?[ J@F <?@H[ 72E2==J :?;FC65 3J] $FC6]k^Am
kAmw6J[ #2?5:] $62?[ 96C6 5@H? :? ':C8:?:2[ 2 =@E @7 E:>6D x 8@ E@ E96 }@CE9 r2C@=:?2 ~FE6C q2?<D 2D H6==] x DA6?E D@>6 E:>6[ E96 y6CD6J $9@C6[ x =@G6 E96 pE=2?E:4 r@2DE] x H2D :?EC@5F465 E@ C:A 4FCC6?ED =@?8[ =@?8 28@[ 324< :? E96 D6G6?E:6D[ H96? x H2D 2 =25] qFE 7@C A6@A=6 H9@ 5@?VE 8@ G6CJ 7C6BF6?E=J[ H92EVD 2 8@@5 H2Jnk^Am
kAm%96J 42? DA@E 2 C:A 4FCC6?E 367@C6 E96J 8@ @FE :? E96 H2E6Cn pC6 E96C6 2?J <:?5 @7 E6==E2=6 D:8?D J6Enk^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ D@>6 E6==E2=6 D:8?D H@F=5 36[ J@F <?@H[ 5:D4@=@C65 H2E6C] x7 J@FVC6 =@@<:?8 2E E96 @462? 2?5 2AA62C E@ 36 J@F <?@H[ H6 H6C6 8C66?] *@F 2=D@ D66[ J@F <?@H[ H9:E6 H2E6C @C D2?5 >:I65 E9C@F89@FE E96 H2E6C[ 2?5 :E H:== 36 CFD9:?8 5:C64E=J 2H2J 7C@> E96 D9@C6=:?6] p?5 E92E 5:D4@=@C65 H2E6C 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ 6IE6?5 E9@FD2?5D @7 766E A2DE H96C6 E96 24EF2= H2G6D 2C6 3C62<:?8 @? E96 D2?532C 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ FA E@ 2 >:=6 @C D@[ E@@[ 2D H6==[ 7C@> C62==J DEC@?8 C:A 4FCC6?ED E92E 2C6 @FE E96C6 @? D@>6 @7 E96 >@DE 6IEC6>6 52JD]k^Am
kAmw@H H:56 2C6 E96 C:A 4FCC6?EDn q642FD6 @7E6?E:>6D 96C6 J@F DH:> A6CA6?5:4F=2C E@ E96 4FCC6?E E@ 86E @FE @7 :E] qFE 3FE 9@H H:56 42? D@>6 @7 E96D6 E96D6 4FCC6?ED 36nk^Am
kAmxE H@F=5 92G6 E@[ J@F <?@H[ 56A6?5 @? E96 3:@496>:DECJ[ %96 @E96C H2E6C 4@?E@FC @7 E96[ J@F <?@H[ D2?5 2?5 D96=7 E92EVD E96C6] p=D@[ E96C6VD @E96C G2C:23=6D E92E[ J@F <?@H[ 4@F=5 4@>6 :?E@ A=2J] #@4< ;6EE:6D[ !:6CD[ J@F <?@H[ DE@C> 5C2:?[ D@ 7@CE9 2?5 DF49] p?5 E92E H@F=5 56A6?5 @? 2[ J@F <?@H[ 42D6 3J 42D6 2C62 @? H96C6 J@F =:G6]k^Am
kAmqFE E96J 42? 36 G6CJ H:56] (6V5 D66[ J@F <?@H[ J@F <?@H[ EH@[ E9C66[ 7@FC 3=@4<D H:56[ D@>6 :?DE2?46D H96C6 H6 92G6[ J@F <?@H[ 82AD :? E96 D2?532C[ D@ 7@CE9 2?5 DF49] p?5 :7 E96C6VD 6BF2=D ?6IE E@[ J@F <?@H[ A:6CD @C DE@C> 5C2:?D[ E9@D6 @?6D 42? E6?5 E@ 36 H:56C 2?5 >@C6 6IEC6>6[ E@@] %96 H2E6C AC6DDFC6 3F:=5D FA 282:?DE E9@D6[ J@F <?@H[ D@=:5 762EFC6D E92E 2C6 A6C>2?6?E E96C6]k^Am
kAms@ E96J E6?5 E@ 36 >@C6 >@C6 4@>>@? ?62C ;6EE:6Dnk^Am
kAm*6D] x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ E9:?< E92E E96J H@F=5 36 >@C6 AC6G2=6?E ?62C[ J@F <?@H[ 3:8 DECF4EFC6D :? E96 H2E6C 4@?D:56C:?8[ J@F <?@H[ E96 E:56 2?5 @C DH6== 5:C64E:@? :D 8@:?8 E@ CF? @?6 H2J @C 2?@E96C @77 E96 36249] p?5 :EVD ;FDE 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 :?4C62D65 AC6DDFC6 @? E9@D6 2C62D] *@F <?@H[ 2D J@F ?@H[ :7 J@FVC6 A:=:?8 H2E6C FA :? E96 4@C?6C @7 2 EF3[ :EVD 8@E E@ 8@ D@>6H96C6 6=D6 ?@H]k^Am
kAm*6D[ 567:?:E6=J >@C6 AC6G2=6?E :? E9@D6 2C62D] #@4< A:=6D 86?6C2==J DFAA@CE C2:?]k^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ J@F <?@H[ 96C6 @? E96 t2DE r@2DE[ H6 8@E =:768F2C5D 2C6 FDF2==J A2EC@==:?8 FA 2?5 5@H? E96 4@2DE 96C6] *@F <?@H[ E92EVD ?@E 2=H2JD E96 42D6 56A6?5:?8 @? H96C6 J@F 2C6 2?5 6DA64:2==J @? E96 E:>6 @7 J62C] #:89E] ~?46 E96J 86E E96 $6AE6>36C J6==@H[ 6G6? 96C6 :? y6CD6J[ J@F <?@H[ H6VC6 H6VC6 C62==J C65F4:?8 E96 2>@F?E @7 36249 A2EC@= 4@G6C286 H6 5@ 92G6 96C6]k^Am
kAm(6VG6 925 ea 562E9D[ F?7@CEF?2E6=J[ 5F6 E@ D@>6E9:?8 :? E96 DFC7 K@?6] *629] (96? J@F E9:?< 23@FE E96 H62E96C 2DA64E @7 E9:?8D[ J@F <?@H[ 7@C A6@A=6 H9@ 2C6[ J@F <?@H[ E96JVC6 8@:?8 E@ E96 36249[ E96C6 >:89E ?@E 36 2 =:768F2C5 2C@F?5 E96C6 =:G:?8 2 A2CE @7 2 4@F?ECJ H96C6 E96C6VD ?@E H92E <:?5 @7 H62E96C 4@?5:E:@?D[ J@F <?@H[ 2C6 J@F =@@<:?8 7@C[ J@F <?@H[ E92E D2J:?8[ 96J[ J@F <?@H[ E9:D :D 2 52J H:E9 2 9:89 C:D< @7 C:A 4FCC6?ED]k^Am
kAm*@F 42? 2AA=J E9:D AC:?4:A=6 E@ 2?J 2DA64E @7 J@FC =:76] %96 @?6 >@DE :>A@CE2?E 96C6 E92E H6VC6 E2=<:?8 23@FE E@52J :D[ J@F <?@H[ C:A[ 4FCC6?E[ C:A 4FCC6?ED 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ 4C62E:?8 2H2C6?6DD 2C@F?5 E9@D6] x7 J@FVC6 F?2H2C6 @C J@FVC6 F?46CE2:? @7 E96 4@?5:E:@?D[ :7 J@F 5@?VE 92G6 2? 6IA6C:6?46[ J@F <?@H[ 36:?8 2E E96 D9@C6[ H96E96C :E >2J 36 E96 }6H y6CD6J $9@C6 @C }@CE9 r2C@=:?2 @C u=@C:52[ H96C6 J@F >2J 36 :? E96 H@C=5[ J@F <?@H[ :7 J@FVC6 @?D9@C6[ J@F 2=H2JD H2?E E@ 2D< D@>63@5J[ >@DE >F?:4:A2=:E:6D[ E@H?D 2?5 4:E:6D 92G6 D@4:2= >65:2 @FE=6ED E92E 92G6 H62E96C FA :?7@C>2E:@? 2G2:=23=6 @? C:A 4FCC6?ED 23@G6 2?5 36J@?5 E92E[ *@F <?@H[ H96? :? 5@F3E[ x H@F=5 2D< BF6DE:@?D E@ D@>63@5Jk^Am
kAmH9@ H@F=5 36 4=@D6 E@ >6 :7 E96C6 H2D?VE 2 =:768F2C5 H:E9:? E96 G:4:?:EJ] qFE :7 :EVD[ J@F <?@H[ @3G:@FD=J C@F89[ E96C6VD 567:?:E6=J 8@:?8 E@ 36 2? 6=6G2E65 492?46 @7 C:A 4FCC6?ED :? E96 2C62] *@F <?@H[ J@F 42? 32D:42==J =@@< 2E E96 DFC7] x7 E96C6VD H2G6D 4@>:?8 :?[ J@F 42? 2=>@DE 8F2C2?E66 E92E] p?5 @? 2?J 8:G6? 52J[ J@FVC6 8@:?8 E@ 7:?5 C:A 4FCC6?ED 2E D@>6 A@:?E E9C@F89@FE E92E 52J[ q6DE E9:?8 J@F 42? 5@ :D 65F42E6 2?5 :?7@C> J@FCD6=7 AC:@C E@ 9625:?8 E@ E96 D9@C6 56DE:?2E:@?D :? E96 DF>>6C >@?E9D @C H96E96C J@F >2J 36 G:D:E:?8[ J@F <?@H[ 2? 2C62 E92E 92D H2C> H2E6C :? E96 H:?E6C[ J@F <?@H[ 65F42E6[ :?7@C> J@FCD6=7 @? C:A 4FCC6?ED 2?5 2H2C6?6DD[ 3642FD6k^Am
kAmH:E9 2H2C6?6DD J@F 92G6 2 49@:46 H96E96C E@ 8@ @FE @C ?@E @C 7:?5 E92E D276]k^Am
kAm$@ E@ <?@H H96? J@F 8FJD 2C6 8@:?8 @FE[ J@F <?@H[ :? E96 >@C?:?8[ J@FVC6 D6EE:?8 FA J@FC DE2?5 2?5 J@F 92G6 E96 7=28D[ J@F <?@H[ J@F 92G6 E96 C65 7=28D 2?5 E96 J6==@H 7=28D] pC6 J@F 24EF2==J A:4<:?8 DA@ED E92E 2C6 E96 D276DE A=246D 2E E96 D62 @C 2C6 J@F A:4<:?8 DA@ED E92E >:89E 36 ;FDE 5@H? E96 DEC66En %92EVD 2? 2446DD:3=6 A@:?E 7@C A6@A=6]k^Am
kAm*6D[ %92EVD 2 E92EVD 2 8C62E A@:?E @7 4@?G6CD2E:@? 96C6[ y@6] *@F <?@H[ H6 92G6 >@C?:?8 >FDE6C 6G6CJ 52J H96C6 2== @7 @FC =:768F2C5D 82E96C 4@==64E:G6=J 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ 6I492?86 :?7@C>2E:@?] p =@E @7 E9:D :?7@C>2E:@? 4@>6D 5@H? 7C@> @FC >2?286>6?E DE277 E@ :?7@C> 2?5 65F42E6 @FC =:768F2C5D[ E96 6>A=@J66D[ E96 :?5:G:5F2=D H9@ 2C6 :? 492C86[ J@F <?@H[ AF3=:4 D276EJ @? 2 52:=J 32D:D]k^Am
kAm$@ 2==@H E96> E@ @44FC @? 2? 6=6G2E65 =6G6= 7@C E96 6?5 FD6C 2?5 2?JE9:?8 H6 42? 5@ E@ :?7@C> 2?5 65F42E6 AF3=:4 E9C@F89 @FC D@4:2= >65:2 @FE=6ED @C[ J@F <?@H[ @?6 @? @?6 4@?G6CD2E:@? @C 3J @FC D:8?286 @? E96 324< @7 @FC =:768F2C5 DE2?5D E@ 86E E96 >6DD286 @FE E96C6 7@C[ J@F <?@H[ E96 4@?5:E:@?D 2E 2?5 E92E 52J[ @?46 H6 92G6 E9:D :?7@C>2E:@?[ J@F <?@H 4@==64E:G6=J 2>@?8DE @FC 8C@FA[ 7:CDE E9:?8 :? E96 >@C?:?8[ @FC >2?286>6?E DE277 H:== H@C< 92?5 :? 92?5 H:E9 E96 =:768F2C5D FA E96C6 @? E96 36249 7@C AC@A6C[ J@F <?@H[ 7=28 A=246>6?E 6249 D6E FA E@ 6?DFC6 E96 D276DE 2C62 7@C DH:>>:?8 2?5 C64C62E:@?2= 24E:G:E:6D 2D H6==]k^Am
kAm$@ :? D9@CE[ H6VC6 ?@E ;FDE[ J@F <?@H[ A2DD:?8 7=28D 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ E96 D2?5 @? D@>6 C2?5@> DA@E @? 2?J 8:G6? 36249 @? 2?J 8:G6? 52J] %96C6VD 2 >6E9@5 E@ @FC >25?6DD 2?5 H6VC6 G6CJ >6E:4F=@FD 23@FE :E E@ 6?DFC6[ J@F <?@H[ E96 AF3=:4 D276EJ]k^Am
kAm$@ x 8C6H FA 8@:?8 5@H? E@ E96 vF=7 r@2DE[ x 8C6H FA :? %6I2D[ 2?5 D@ H6 H6C6 :? E92E A2CE @7 E96 4@F?ECJ 2?5 x 76=E =:<6 E96 E6C> F?56CE@H H2D FD65 BF:E6 7C6BF6?E=J] w@H H6C6 E9@D6 D:>:=2C @C 5:776C6?En s@ A6@A=6 86E E9@D6 4@?7FD65 2 =@Enk^Am
kAm*6D[ E96J 5@ 86E :E] %96J 5@ 86E E96> 4@?7FD65] &?56CE@H H@F=5 36 4@?D:56C65 @C 4=2DD:7:65 25D] *@F <?@H E92E 5@H? DF4<:?8 >@E:@? E92E J@F H@F=5 92G6 7C@> 2 H2G6 A2DD:?8 3J J@F[ 3FE J@F 2=D@ 42? 36 DF4<65 F?56C?62E9 3J 2 G6CJ DEC@?8 C64FCC6?E E@ :7 E96C6VD 2?J DECF4EFC6 F?56C?62E9 J@F E@@ 2D H6==] $@ E92E D2>6 EJA6 @7 D6?D2E:@?[ 2=E9@F89 F?56CE@H H@F=5 36 E92E[ J@F <?@H[ H96? J@FVC6 86EE:?8 AF==65 F?56C 7C@> H2G6 E92E 2D 2D<65 :7 E96 H2E6CVD 24EF2==J 8@:?8 5@H? E@H2C5D E96 3@EE@> @7 E96 @462?]k^Am
kAmp?5 282:?[ J@F <?@H[ 5FC:?8 C:A 4FCC6?ED[ E@@[ :7 E96C6VD D@>6 EJA6 @7 F?56CH2E6C DECF4EFC6 E92E H@F=5 :?5:42E6 E92E E92E EJA6 @7 4C:>6 :D E96C6 2D H6==]k^Am
kAmw6J[ #2?5J[ :D E96C6 2 A2CE:4F=2C 8@@5 @C 325 E:>6 @7 52J E@ 36 :? E96 H2E6C H:E9 C682C5 E@ H2E6C D276EJn p?5 2 =@E @7 A6@A=6 H2?E E@ 8@ :? 62C=J :? E96 >@C?:?8 @C =2E6 :? E96 6G6?:?8] *@F <?@H[ E:56D 492?8:?8[ 4@>:?8 :?[ 4@>:?8 @FE[ @C :D E96C6 2?J 2?J =@8:4 E@ E92E 2E 2== :? E6C>D @7 E9:D E:>6nk^Am
kAm%C25:E:@?2==J 2D 8@@5 @C 325nk^Am
kAm*629] x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ DE2CE @77 3J D2J:?8 E96 36DE E:>6 J@F 42?[ J@F <?@H[ 6?;@J E96 @462?[ H92E H62E96C 5@6D?VE >2EE6C H92E 36249 E92E J@FVC6 2E[ J@F <?@H[ :EVD 8@:?8 E@ 36 36EH66? E96 9@FCD 2E `_ 2]>] d A]>] H96? =:768F2C5D 2C6 DE27765 EJA:42==J @? >@DE 362496D E9C@F89@FE E96 4@F?ECJ[ @7E6? H6 5@ 86E H2E6C C6D4F6 42==D 27E6C d A]>] 2?5 ci`_ 2]>] *@F <?@H[ x H@F=5 25G:D6 @3G:@FD=J ?@E DH:>>:?8 AC:@C E@ =:768F2C5D 36:?8 @? 5FEJ 2?5 @C 27E6C E96JVG6 =67E 7@C E96 52J]k^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ D@>6 36249 A2EC@= 286?4:6D @776C 6IE6?565 9@FCD @C 23@FE e A]>] 2D H6== 2D D@>6 @E96C 286?4:6D @776C[ J@F <?@H[ C@G:?8 A2EC@=D FA 2?5 5@H? E96 36249 =:<6 H6 5@] p?5 D@ 23@FE g A]>] 6G6C 282:?] (96? :? 5@F3E[ 8@ @FE 2?5 24EF2==J 42?[ J@F <?@H[ DH:> H:E9 D@>63@5J H9@VD 2 AC@7:4:6?E DH:>>6C[ <?@H J@FC =:>:ED[ J@F <?@H[ 567:?:E6=J 5@?VE H2?E E@ 36 @FE E96C6 3J J@FCD6=7 H:E9 ?@ 36249]k^Am
kAmpH6D@>6] p== 8@@5 DEF77 D@ 72C] #2?5J[ H6VC6 8@:?8 E@ E2<6 2 3C:67 3C62< 2?5 E96? E96 @E96C D:56[ H6VC6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 >@C6 23@FE C:A 4FCC6?ED[ E96 DFC7 K@?6 2?5 2== 8@@5 E9:?8D] *@FVC6 E2=<:?8 23@FE E96 H2E6C H:E9 #2?5J %@H?D6?5[ 49:67 @7 =:768F2C5D 96C6 :? 6?92?4:?8] *@FVC6 =:DE6?:?8 E@ E96 rC@DD]k^Am
kAm&?<?@H?k^Am
kAm%96 $<J A@542DE]k^Am
kAm(6 2C6 324< H:E9 E96 p4C@DD E96 $<J A@542DE] }6H 6A:D@56D 5C@A H96C6G6C J@F 86E J@FC A@542DE 6G6CJ |@?52J] xEVD 2=D@ @? J@FC 72G@C:E6 ?6HD H63D:E6 2D H6==] (6 2C6 A2CE @7 {tp t?E6CAC:D6D @G6C f_ ?6HDC@@>D 24C@DD E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D[ :?4=F5:?8 96C6 :? pE=2?E:4 r:EJ[ #@? q2DD[ #2?5J %@H?D6?5[ 2=D@ :? E96 AC@46DD @7 pE=2?E:4 r:EJ 4@G6C286 2C62 49:67 @7 =:768F2C5D 96C6 :? w2CG6J r652CD]k^Am
kAm#2?5:[ =6E >6 2D< J@F[ J@F <?@H[ H92E 8@E J@F :?E6C6DE65 :? E96 H2E6Cnk^Am
kAm~9[ >J >J 525[ >J 525 2?5 >J >@>] x 925 E96 7@CEF?2E6 @AA@CEF?:EJ E@ 8C@H FA 2 DE@?6VD E9C@H 2H2J 7C@> E96 32J 2?5 36249 2?5 2 E@H? E92E C6D:56D[ J@F <?@H[ ;FDE D=:89E=J E@ E96 D@FE9 @7 H96C6 xV> 4FCC6?E=J H@C<:?8 96C6 :? w2CG6J r652CD] x H2D 3@C? 2?5 C2:D65 :? $FC7 r:EJ[ }6H y6CD6J[ {@?8 q6249 xD=2?5[ H96C6 x DE:== C6D:56D E96C6 H:E9 >J 72>:=J]k^Am
kAmp?5 7@C A6@A=6 H9@ 5@?VE <?@H {@?8 q6249 xD=2?5[ J@F <?@H[ x 5@?VE <?@H 9F?5C65D @7 E9@FD2?5D @7 A6@A=6 5FC:?8 E96 DF>>6C 2?5 E96? 5FC:?8 E96 H:?E6C[ J@F <?@H[ :EVD C62==J @?=J 2 4@FA=6 E9@FD2?5 E92E 2C6 E96C6] xEVD 2 >F49 BF:6E6C A=246 5FC:?8 E96 H:?E6C[ =:<6 >2?J A=246D 2=@?8 E96 ?@CE962DE 4@2DE 96C6] qFE 2 362FE:7F= A=246 E@ ;FDE G:D:E @FE J@FC q2C?6E {:89E9@FD6 @? E96 ?@CE96C? E:A @7 E96 :D=2?5 2D H6==]k^Am
kAm$@>6 D@>6 C62==J 8@@5 D:E6D 96C6] #2?5:[ =6E >6 2D< J@F E9:D] *@F <?@H[ J@F >6?E:@?65 ;FDE @? E96 @E96C D:56 @7 E9:D[ E96 7:CDE 92=7 23@FE[ J@F <?@H[ E96 36DE E:>6 E@ DH:> :D H96?[ J@F <?@H[ E96C6 2C6 =:768F2C5D AC6D6?E] p BF6DE:@? x 92G6 7@C J@F :D[ J@F <?@H[ 2 =@E @7 E:>6D J@FVC6 D66:?8 DFC76CD @FE E96C6 2E D6G6?[ 6:89E :? E96 >@C?:?8 367@C6 E96 =:768F2C5D 2C6 AC6D6?E]k^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ J@FVC6 D@>6@?6 H9@ D6CG6D 2?5 :D 2 =:768F2C5] $@ 9@H 5@ J@F 9@H 5@ J@F 32=2?46 @FE[ J@F <?@H[ E96 724E E92E[ J@F <?@H[ DFC76CD H2?E E@ 86E @FE E96C6 2E 46CE2:? E:>6D[ 3FE H6VC6 2=D@ ECJ:?8 E@ <66A 6G6CJ3@5J H9@VD :? E96 H2E6C D276 2D H6==]k^Am
kAm%92E :D[ J@F <?@H[ 2 5@F3=6 65865 DH@C5 E92E x 5@ H2=< 2D 2 =:768F2C5 49:67 96C6] qFE :EVD G6CJ[ G6CJ J6D[ E96 ?F>36C @7 :?5:G:5F2=D H9@ 2C6 6?;@J:?8 E96 36249 @? 2 52:=J 32D:D[ :EVD 86?6C2= E96 86?6C2= AF3=:4 7@C E92E E92E >2EE6C] (6 5@ 92G6 DFC7:?8 2C62D @FED:56 @7 @FC 7=28D H96C6 E96 D276 DH:>>:?8 K@?6 :D] *@F <?@H[ EJA:42==J E96 D2?532C H96C6 E96 D276 DH:>>:?8 K@?6 :D[ E9@F89[ :D 2=D@ H96C6 E96 8C62E H2G6D 2C6 3642FD6 @7 E96 D2?532C :ED6=7[ E@@[ 2D H6==]k^Am
kAmqFE 8:G6?[ J@F <?@H[ E96 a]a >:=6D @7 36249 96C6[ E96C6VD ?@ 5@F3E :? >J >:?5 D:?46 J@F 42? DFC7 @FED:56 E96 7=28D @? 2?J 36249 96C6 :? @FC D6?:@CD[ E92E[ J@F <?@H[ E96C6VD >@C6 E92? 2? 2>A=6[ J@F <?@H[ DA246 7@C 6G6CJ3@5J E@ 6?;@J[ J@F <?@H[ H96E96C :EVD ;FDE DH:>>:?8 @C 32E9:?8 @C :7 J@FVC6 @FE E96C6 @? 2 <2J2<[ DE2?5 FA A255=63@2C5 @C 2 DFC73@2C5 =:<6 =:<6 E96 y@3 7@C %@ED]k^Am
kAm(6==]k^Am
kAm*629] p?5 #2?5J :D 2? :==FDEC:@FD DFC76C H9@ 92D EC2G6=65 2== 24C@DD E96 H@C=5 DFC7:?8] #2?5J[ x 5@?VE <?@H :7 J@F 42? 8:G6 FD 2? 6=6G2E@C A:E49 @7 J@FC DFC7:?8 6IA6C:6?46[ 3FE :7 J@F 4@F=5 ECJ E@ 3@:= :E 5@H?[ ;FDE 6IA=2:? H96C6 J@FVG6 366? 2?5 J@F <?@H[ D@>6 @7 E96 2H2C5D 2?5 244@=256D J@F 925 @G6C E96 J62C[ J@F 4@F=5 4964< E96> @FE @? *@F%F36]k^Am
kAm*@F 42? EJA6 :? 9:D ?2>6] *@F D66 2 3F?49 @7 2 3F?49 @7 G:56@D E96C6 2D H6==] qFE 3FE E9:D >2? E92E H6VC6 DA62<:?8 E@ :D D@>6H92E @7 2 =686?5 :? E96 DFC7:?8 4@>>F?:EJ]k^Am
kAm%92?<D[ y@6[ 7@C E96 2H6D@>6 :?EC@5F4E:@? E@ E92E @E96C 2DA64E @7 >J =:76] }2EFC2==J[ D@>6H92E] %92?< J@F] %92?< J@F] *6E[ J@F <?@H[ x H2D C646?E=J :?5F4E65 E@ E96 }6H y6CD6J $FC7:?8 2== 72>6 2E E96 286 @7 cc] x H@C< H:E9 >F=E:EF56 @7 d_` D62E E9C66D[ J@F <?@H[ E@ 2DD:DE <:5D H:E9 DA64:2= ?665D 2?5 =62C?:?8 E9C@F89 DFC7 E96C2AJ] x 2=D@ CF? }@CE962DE r@?76C6?46[ E96 }2E:@?2= $49@=2DE:4 $FC7:?8 pDD@4:2E:@?[ H9:49 =:?<D[ J@F <?@H[ D49@@=:?8 H:E9 DFC7:?8[ H9:49 :D C62==J[ C62==J 8C2E:7J:?8]k^Am
kAmx 2> x DE:== D62C49 E62> 4@249 7@C E96 :$49@@= E92E x 2EE6?565 2?5 >J J@FE9 @G6C E96C6 2E $@FE96C? #68:@?2= 24C@DD E96 3C:586 2E |2?292H<:? H@? ?F>6C@FD AC@ DFC7:?8 6G6?ED 96C6 :? E96 DE2E6 2?5 E9C@F89@FE E96 4@F?ECJ 2?5 :?E6C?2E:@?2==J] x?E6C?2E:@?2==J EC2G6=65 E96 DFC7 E92EVD E96 H2J E9C@F89 $@FE962DE pD:2[ p7C:42[ E96 r2C:3362?[ r6?EC2= p>6C:42] x >62?[ 366? 2C@F?5 E96 H@C=5 7@C DFC6]k^Am
kAm|J 72G@C:E6 72G@C:E6 A=246 :? $FC76CD $@FE962DE pD:2[ E92E =:EE=6 492:? @7 :D=2?5D 23@FE 2 9F?5C65 >:=6D @77 E96 4@2DE[ 2== E96 >6?E2= H:D6 2?5 :?E6C?D9:A[ D@>6 @7 E96 H@C=5VD 36DE DFC7 E96C6 7@C DFC6]k^Am
kAm%92E D@F?5D 23D@=FE6=J A96?@>6?2=[ >2?] $@ x H2?E J@F E@ C:77 @? E92E 2 =:EE=6 3:E >@C6] qFE E96 @E96C E9:?8 x H2?E65 E@ E@ 86E 7@C >J @H? 65:7:42E:@?[ H92E 2C6 D@>6 @7 E96 3:886C 5:776C6?46D 36EH66? E96 pE=2?E:4 362496D :? E6C>D @7 H2G6D 2?5 D2?5 2?5 =:<6 G6CDFD E96 !24:7:4 r@2DEn q62496D[ H2G6D[ D2?5 2?5 A6C:@5D 2?5 H2G6 96:89ED 2?5 E92E <:?5 @7 DEF77]k^Am
kAmp?5 E96? 8@ @?[ >2?[ 2?5 E6== >6 23@FE E9:D 362FE:7F= 362496D :? $@FE9 t2DE pD:2] $@ x H2?E E@ 962C 2== 23@FE E92E]k^Am
kAmp== C:89E] $@ 5:776C6?46D 36EH66? t2DE r@2DE 2?5 (6DE r@2DE[ xV== DE2CE @77 H:E9 E96 E96 >@DE @3G:@FD[ J@F <?@H[ EJA:42==J FA[ FA 2?5 5@H? E96 62DE6C? D9@C6 96C6[ 6I46AE H:E9 E96 6I46AE:@? @7 E96 ?@CE962DE 2?5 5@:?8 H96? H6 AC6EEJ >F49 92G6[ J@F <?@H[ D2?5 4@G6C65 362496D[ E96C6 :D 2 DECF4EFC6 F?E:= J@F 86E FA :?E@ =:<6 {@?8 xD=2?5[ }6H *@C<[ @FE E96C6 @? |@?E2F<[ #9@56 xD=2?5[ J@F <?@H[ |2:?6 2?5 E9@D6 2C62D FA E96C6 :? }6H t?8=2?5[ E96J 92G6 2 =@E >@C6 DECF4EFC6 FA E96C6 2?5 5@ 92G6 D:>:=2C 492C24E6C:DE:4D E@ E96 H2G6 EJA6D E92E 2C6 @FE]k^Am
kAmr2=:7@C?:2] *@F <?@H[ @? E96 @E96C 6?5 @7 E96 DA64ECF>[ @? E96 (6DE r@2DE[ E96C6 :D 2 =@E >@C6 DECF4EFC6 =625:?8 :?E@ E96 H2E6C] %96C6VD[ J@F <?@H[ H2:E 3C62<D H96C6 :E 24EF2==J 92D[ J@F <?@H[ C@4< @C 4@33=6DE@?6 D96==D E92E =625D :?E@ E96 H2E6C H96C6 E96 H2G6D H:== 24EF2==J[ J@F <?@H[ A66= :? DJ>>6ECJ 5@H? E96 C@4< 4@33=6DE@?6 C667D @C D96==D @FE E96C6]k^Am
kAm(6 EJA:42==J 5@?VE 86E E92E :?[ J@F <?@H[ @FC H2E6CD 96C6 :? }6H y6CD6J 2?5 D@FE9] (6 H@?VE 7:?5 E92E 282:? F?E:= J@F 86E E@ E96 r2C:3362? 2?5 C6DA64E23=J FA :? E96 }@CE962DE[ FA 2?5 ?6H H6?E 23@G6 2?5 36J@?5 E92E[ 5:776C6?46D 36EH66? E96 t2DE r@2DE 2?5 E96 (6DE r@2DE 2D 72C 2D :E A6CE2:?D E@[ J@F <?@H[ D>2== 7@C642DE:?8 2?5 E96 24EF2= $:C 2?5 y@6[ J@FV5 36 23=6 E@ 4@>>6?E @? E9:D @?6 E@@[ 2D H6==]k^Am
kAmxD E92E EJA:42==J 96C6[ J@F <?@H[ H96? H6 86E DE@C>D[ E96JVC6 4@>:?8 7C@> =2?5 32D65 96C6 :? }6H y6CD6J 2?5 E9C@F89@FE E96 t2DE r@2DE 2D H6==[ H96C62D @FE @? E96 (6DE r@2DE 2?5 :? r2=:7@C?:2[ E96 DE@C>D E92E E96J 86E @FE E96C6[ J@F <?@H[ 2C6 4@>:?8 7C@> @462? E@ E96 D9@C6=:?6] $@ E96C6VD 2 9F86 5:776C6?46 :?[ J@F <?@H[ E96 24EF2= BF2=:EJ @7 DFC7 H96? :E 2CC:G6D 2?5 9@H BF:4<=J[ J@F <?@H[ :E 5:DD:A2E6D 2D :E ?665D E@ 2D H6==]k^Am
kAm$@ @? E96 (6DE r@2DE[ J@F <?@H[ H96? J@F 86E 2 DE@C> DJDE6> 4@>:?8 :?[ J@FV== 92G6 2 8C25F2= :?4C62D6 :? DFC7 H:E9 AC:DE:?6 DFC7:?8 4@?5:E:@?D F?E:= E96 24EF2= DE@C> >2<6D =2?572== @? E96 (6DE r@2DE] (96C62D @FE 96C6 @? E96 t2DE r@2DE[ 4@?G6CD6=J[ J@F H@F=5 92G6[ J@F <?@H[ E96 DE@C> DJDE6> EJA:42==J 36:?8 4@>:?8 7C@> E96 =2?5[ 8@:?8 @FE :?E@ E96 @462? H96C6 J@F H@F=5 92G6 C62==J C@F89 4@?5:E:@?D F?E:= E96 DFC7 @C DE@C> A2DD65 H96C6 2?5 E96? J@F H@F=5 92G6[ J@F <?@H[ G6CJ 4=62?[ AC:DE:?6 4@?5:E:@?D 7@C DFC7:?8 2D E96 DE@C> 56A2CE65]k^Am
kAm*@FVC6 @? E96 t2DE r@2DE 2?5 :E H@F=5 5:DD:A2E6 G6CJ[ G6CJ C2A:5=J[ H96C62D @? E96 (6DE r@2DE[ E96 DH6==[ E96 z H@F=5[ J@F <?@H[ D@ E@ DA62<[ DE:4< 2C@F?5 7@C 2 =@E =@?86C 5F6 E@ E96 724E E92E E96 DE@C> 92D 366? 86?6C2E:?8 H2G6D @FE E96 @462? 7@C E92E >F49 >@C6 @7 2? 6IE6?565 A6C:@5 @7 E:>6n *@F <?@H[ EJA:42==J DA62<:?8[ 282:?[ J@F <?@H[ xVG6 925 6IE6?D:G6 6IA6C:6?46 @FE E96C6 @? E96 (6DE r@2DE H:E9 E96[ J@F <?@H[ #@4<J |@F?E2:? 36:?8 D@[ D@ 4=@D6 :? AC@I:>:EJ E@ E96 D9@C6 E96C6]k^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ 2?5 E96 724E E92E E96 H2E6C E6>A6C2EFC6D 2??F2==J 2C6 >F49 >@C6 @? 2 52:=J 32D:D @FE E96C6[ E96J 86E 2 =@E =6DD H:?5 E92? H6 EJA:42==J 5@ @FE 96C6 @? E96 t2DE r@2DE[ J@F <?@H[ 2?5 C6DA64E:G6=J] %96 4@?G6CD6 :D 2=D@ ECF6] *@FVC6 @? E96 t2DE r@2DE 2D H6== 5F6 E@[ J@F <?@H[ E96 >F=E:EF56 @7 4@?G64E:@? E92E H6 86E 2== E9C@F89@FE E96 4@F?ECJ]k^Am
kAmw6C6 @? E96 t2DE r@2DE[ H6 925 EJA:42==J @FC >F49 H:?5:6C 52JD[ >@C6 A@H6C7F= D62 3C66K6D 2?5 DE@C>D[ E@@[ 2D H6== H96? E96J 2C6 AC6G2=6?E :? E96 2C62D E92E H6 2C6 6?;@J:?8]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< J@F 4@G6C65 :E 2== E96C6[ #2?5J] x 5@?VE <?@H :7 x 6G6? ?665 E@ 49:>6 :? @? E92E @?6]k^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ x EC:65 E@ >2<6 :E 4=62C 2?5 4@?4:D6 2D A@DD:3=6 H:E9@FE 86EE:?8 :?E@ E@@ >F49 56E2:=] xV> DFC6 E96C6VD 2 A=6E9@C2 @7 @E96C[ J@F <?@H[ 5:776C6?46D 36EH66? t2DE 2?5 (6DE r@2DE DFC7:?8] qFE 2 76H @7 E96 >@DE @3G:@FD x 925 >6?E:@?65 H96C6 J@F]k^Am
kAm*@F 5@?VE C62==J 86E 2D >2?J @7 E9@D6 6A:4 52JD @? DFC7 =:?6 @FE @? E96 t2DE r@2DE 2D J@F >:89E @? E96 (6DE r@2DE]k^Am
kAm}@H[ 567:?:E6=J E96J 2C6?VE 2D AC6G2=6?E[ 3FE H96? H6 5@ 86E E96>[ E96J 2C6 23D@=FE6=J H@C=5 4=2DD] ~E96CH:D6[ x H@F=5 92G6 >@G65 2H2J 7C@> }6H y6CD6J 2 =@?8 E:>6 28@]k^Am
kAm$@[ #2?5J[ E6== FD[ J@F <?@H[ :7 J@FVG6 ?6G6C 366? E@ E96 36249 367@C6[ C:89E] ~C J@FVC6 @?6 @7 E9@D6] *629[ x H2D] !6@A=6 >:89E 8@ @?46 2 J62C[ C:89En *@FVC6 E2<:?8 J@FC EC:A 5@H?n *629] *@FVC6 7=J:?8 5@H? E@ u=@C:52[ J@FVC6 4@>:?8 E@ }6H y6CD6J[ H92E6G6C] (92E 25G:46 H@F=5 J@F 8:G6 E@ >2<6 DFC6 E92E J@F <?@H[ J@FVC6 6?;@J:?8 E96 36249[ J@F <?@H[ 2?5 DE2J:?8 D276[ E@@nk^Am
kAmx7 J@FVC6 DE6AA:?8 @? E96 D2?5 7@C E96 7:CDE E:>6 :? J62CD]k^Am
kAm$@ :7 xV> 4@>:?8 5@H? E@ E96 y6CD6J $9@C6 7@C E96 7:CDE E:>6 2?5 x 92G6?VE 366? 96C6 7@C 2 =@?8 E:>6[ x H@F=5[ J@F <?@H[ :>>65:2E6=J C6249 @FE E@[ J@F <?@H[ E96 E9:D DE@CJ E92E x 2> 8@:?8 E@ 36 G:D:E:?8] %96J H@F=5 36 E96 >@DE FA E@ 52E6[ J@F <?@H[ D@FC46 @7 :?7@C>2E:@? E92E :E H@F=5 A6CE2:? E@ E96 4@?5:E:@?D E92E 2?5 36:?8 FA @? E96 @462? 7C@?E]k^Am
kAmx H2?E E@ 36=:6G6 2E E9:D A@:?E :? E:>6 H:E9 E96[ J@F <?@H[ E649?@=@8J E92E H6 92G6[ 6G6CJ3@5JVD >@G:?8 7@CH2C5 2E E96 D2>6 C2E6 E@ 36 23=6 E@ AC@G:56 E9:D :?7@C>2E:@? E@ E96 AF3=:4 @? 2 52:=J 32D:D[ J@F <?@H[ 23@G6 2?5 36J@?5 E92E[ J@F <?@H[ }~ppVD 2 8C62E C6D@FC46 2D H6== 2D 2 >F=E:EF56 @7 @E96C H62E96C >65:2 @FE=6ED @FE E96C6 E92E 42? AC@G:56 J@F H:E9[ J@F <?@H[ 4FCC6?E FA E@ 52E6 :?7@C>2E:@? @? @FE E@ pqr]k^Am
kAm#2?5J[ 2?JE9:?8 6=D6 J@F H2?E E@ 255 96C6 367@C6 H6 HC2A :E @?nk^Am
kAm%96 >@DE :>A@CE2?E E9:?8 J@F 42? 5@ :D ;FDE[ J@F <?@H[ 36 2H2C6 @7 J@FC DFCC@F?5:?8D 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ <?@H J@FC =:>:ED] p?5 H96? J@FVC6 @? D9@C6 ?@H[ D66< @FE E96 :?5:G:5F2= H9@ >2J 36 23=6 E@ AC@G:56 J@F H:E9 E96 A6CE:?6?E :?7@C>2E:@? E92E J@FVC6 =@@<:?8 7@C 2?5 @C A@:?E :? E96 C:89E 5:C64E:@? E@ 36 23=6 E@ 24BF:C6 E92E :?7@C>2E:@? E@ 6?DFC6 E92E[ J@F <?@H[ J@F 92G6 2 D276 36249 DE2?5:?8[ J@F C6EFC? E@ J@FC C6D:56?46 2E E96 6?5 @7 E96 52J]k^Am
kAmp?5 :7 2?J3@5J H2?ED E@ 7@==@H J@F[ 7@==@H[ D66 H92EVD 8@:?8 @? H:E9 w2CG6DE6CD q6249 !2EC@=] (96C6 42? E96J 5@ E92Enk^Am
kAm*629[ D@4:2= >65:2 2E w2CG6J r652CD q6249 !2EC@=[ 2D H6== 2D J@F <?@H[ @? u2463@@< E@ <?@H H6C6 E96C6 2D H6==] w2CG6J r652CD !@=:46 s6A2CE>6?E 5@6D 2 8C62E ;@3 @7[ J@F <?@H[ 7@==@H:?8 FA H:E9 @FC EH66ED 2?5 A@DED 2?5 D@4:2= >65:2 A@DED E92E H6 92G6 @FE E96C6 E@ :?7@C> 2?5 65F42E6 E96 AF3=:4[ >2<6 E96> 2H2C6 @7 E96 4@?5:E:@?D 96C6]k^Am
kAmxEVD 23@FE @?6 >@C6 BF:4< E9:?8 367@C6 H6 8@] (92E H92EVD =:89E?:?8 AC@E@4@=n *@F <?@H[ E9F?56CDE@C> AC@E@4@= E96C6 2E E96 362496D[ #2?5:]k^Am
kAm*629] $@ :7 =:89E?:?8 :D H:E9:? AC@I:>:EJ @7 FD[ H6 J@F <?@H[ E96C6 2C6 362496D 2?5 5@?VE C6EFC? E@ E96 36249 7@C b_ >:?FE6D 7C@> E96 =2DE =:89E?:?8 DEC:<6 H:E9:? AC@I:>:EJ @7[ J@F <?@H]k^Am
kAm(96C6 H6VC6 2E] pH6D@>6] (6==[ #2?5:[ E92?<D 282:? 7@C 9@AA:?8 @? 2?5 E2=<:?8 23@FE E9:D[ >J >2?] xE H2D 8C62E E@ 92G6 J@F @?] p?5 H6 9@A6 J@F 2?5 6G6CJ3@5J :? w2CG6J r652CD 92D 2? 2H6D@>6 2?5 D276 C6DE DE@A] (6V== E2=< E@ J@F D@@?]k^Am
kAm%92?< J@F D@ >F49 7@C 92G:?8 >6 282:?]k^Am
kAm{@@<:?8 36J@?5 E96 2E>@DA96C6[ 96C6VD %@?J #6J6D H:E9 J@FC 2DEC@?@>J @FE=@@<[ |@CC:D A@:?ED E96 H2J E@ #68F=FD[ E96 3C:89E6DE DE2C :? {6@ E9:D H66<] {@@< H6DE] p7E6C DF?D6E[ J@FV== D66 '6?FD] xEVD 2E :ED 3C:89E6DE E9:D H66< FA 2?5 E@ E96 =67E[ =@@< 7@C 2 D=:89E=J @C2?86 A@:?E @7 =:89E] %92EVD |2CD[ D@>6 a`` >:==:@? >:=6D 2H2J] }@H[ E96 (9:E6 $E2C[ E92EVD 23@FE 2 7:?86CVD H:E9 3=F6]k^Am
kAm%92EVD #68F=FD] xEVD 2=D@ <?@H? 2D p=A92 {6@ 3642FD6 :EVD E96 3C:89E6DE DE2C :? E92E 4@?DE6==2E:@?] #68F=FD :D E96 3@EE@> >@DE DE2C :? E96 324<H2C5D BF6DE:@? >2C< E92E 7@C>D E96 7C@?E @7 {6@] %96D6 DF3D64E:@?D @7 4@?DE6==2E:@?D[ E96JVC6 <?@H? 2D pDE6C:D>D E9:?8D =:<6 E96 $@FE96C? 2?5 ?@CE96C? 4C@DD6D[ 2D H6== 2D E96 3:8 2?5 =:EE=6 5:AA6CD] %96JVC6 2== 2DE6C:D>D 4@?DE6==2E:@?D] ~? E96 @E96C 92?5[ E9@D6 2C6 >@C6 @77:4:2= E9:?8D]k^Am
kAm%96 >@56C? =:DE @7 gg 4@?DE6==2E:@?D H2D C64@8?:K65 3J E96 x?E6C?2E:@?2= pDEC@?@>:42= &?:@?[ E96 AC@76DD:@?2= @C82?:K2E:@? @7 2DEC@?@>6CD 324< :? `haa] u6H J62CD =2E6C[ 3@C56CD H6C6 5C2H? 2C@F?5 6249 @?6 @7 E9@D6 4@?DE6==2E:@?D[ 2?5 :EVD E9@D6 3@C56CD E92E D6CG6 2DEC@?@>6CD qJ 567:?:?8 ?6:893@C9@@5D :? E96 D<J[ E96J 42? 36 FD65 E@ 62D:=J 56D4C:36 H96C6 ?6H 5:D4@G6C:6D 42? 36 7@F?5] %92EVD J@FC 2DEC@?@>J @FE=@@<]k^Am
kAmu@==@H >6 2E #%! 9@4<6J 7@C >@C6 DA246J DEF77 =:<6 E9:D]k^Am
kAm#2?5:[ 2D 2=H2JD[ 8@@5] v@E E@ DA62< E@ J@F] '6CJ <?@H=658623=6 2?5 2CE:4F=2E6 2D H6==] p?5 C62==J 8@@5 3C62<5@H? @7 pE=2?E:4 2?5 !24:7:4 4@249 362496D 2?5 E96C6 E96:C 5:776C6?46D H96? :E 4@>6D E@ E96 DH6== :? E96 H2G6D 2?5 DFC7:?8 2?5 E96 DE@C>D 2?5 2== @7 E92E] *@F <?@H x 766= =:<6[ J@F <?@H[ :7 J@FVC6 :? =:768F2C5:?8 @C DFC7:?8[ :EVD 2=>@DE =:<6[ J@F <?@H[ J@F <?@H[ 92=7 H62E96C 2=C625J[ J@FVC6 92=7H2J E@ 36:?8 2 >6E6@C@=@8:DE[ J@F <?@H[ 2?5 G:46 G6CD2]k^Am
kAm$@ :E H2D ?:46 E@ 92G6 #2?5: @? 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ E2=< 23@FE H92E E@ =@@< 7@C[ J@F <?@H[ 7@C C:A 4FCC6?ED :? E96 DFC7 K@?6] $92H?[ H92E 5@ J@F E9:?<nk^Am
kAm*629[ :EVD 8C62E] x >62?[ J@F <?@H[ >6E6@C@=@8J[ @462?@8C2A9J E96C6 6?EH:?65 7C@> E96 86E 8@[ E92EVD 7@C DFC6] $@ E92EVD 2=H2JD ?:46 E@ 92G6 92G6 E9@D6 EH@ <:?5 @7 E9:?8D >6C865 E@86E96C H96? H6 5@ 2 A@542DE] qFE J629[ x >62?[ x <:?5 @7 :?EC:?D:42==J <:?5 @7 E9@F89E E92E :562 23@FE E96 !24:7:4 (2G6D G6CDFD E96 pE=2?E:4 H2G6D[ 3FE :E H2D 8@@5 E@ 962C 7C@> D@>63@5J H9@VD =:G65 :E[ H9@ 92D D66? :E]k^Am
kAmp?5 E96 @E96C E9:?8 x H2D C62==J 8=25 J@F 3C@F89E E9:D FA[ z:CDE6?[ 23@FE 23@FE D276EJ] #:89E] (6 962C D@ >F49 23@FE @?D9@C6 C:8D[ 3FE C:A 4FCC6?ED 2C6 H2J[ H2J >@C6 @7 2 E9C62E E92? D92C<D 2C6 E@ A6@A=6 2E E96 36249] p?5 x E9:?< 2?J E:>6 H6 42? <:?5 @7 C6A62E E92E >6DD286[ :EVD E96 C:A 4FCC6?ED JV2== ?665 E@ D92C<D]k^Am
kAmx E9:?< E92EVD 2 8@@5 :562]k^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ p?5 367@C6 H6 5:5 E9:D A@542DE[ x H6?E @?=:?6 E@ ;FDE <:?5 @7 5@ 2 =:EE=6 3:E @7 C6D62C49:?8 23@FE C:A 4FCC6?ED[ E@@] p?5 E96J }@29 92D 2 8@@5 G:56@ @FE E96C6 :? 42D6 J@F 5@ A=2? @? 9625:?8 @FE 2?5 5@:?8 D@>6 DH:>>:?8] %96J 92G6 2 8@@5 J@F <?@H[ D@>6E:>6D x 766= =:<6 A6@A=6 2=H2JD D2J >2<6 DFC6 E92E J@F DH:> A2C2==6= E@ E96 D9@C6]k^Am
kAmp?5 x 766= =:<6 D@>6E:>6D :? >J 9625 xV> =:<6[ H@F=5 =:<6 A2C2==6= A6C764E] {:<6[ J@F <?@H[ J@FVC6 ECJ:?8 E@ AFE :E 2== E@86E96C 2?5 C62==J E9:?< 23@FE :E] qFE :7 J@F 8@ E@ <?@H 9:D H63D:E6 @C <:?5 @7 v@@8=6[ J@F <?@H[ C:A 4FCC6?ED] }@29 %96J 92G6 2 ?:46 =:EE=6 G:56@ E92E E96J >256[ 2 =:EE=6 2?:>2E:@? E92E D9@HD 6I24E=J H92E E@ 5@ :? 42D6 J@F 5@ 86E 42F89E :? @?6 @7 E9@D6 D:EF2E:@?D]k^Am
kAm$@ :EVD H@CE9 E96 :EVD H@CE9 8:G:?8 :E 2 =@@< :? 42D6] u@C D@>6 C62D@? x 92AA6?65 E@ 8@ DH:>>:?8 @? @?6 @7 E96 vF=7 r@2DE @C @?6 @7 E96[ J@F <?@H[ pE=2?E:4 @C !24:7:4 4@2DED @G6C E96 ?6IE 4@FA=6 @7 J62CD] }@H x 766= AC6A2C65]k^Am
kAmpC6 J@F D2J:?8 J@FVC6 ?@E A=2??:?8 @? >2<:?8 2 G:D:E E@ E96 pE=2?E:4 @C !24:7:4 r@2DE A6CD@?nk^Am
kAm|2J36 ?@E E@ 8@ DH:>>:?8 2?JE:>6 D@@?nk^Am
kAm*@F <?@H[ :EVD D@ 5:776C6?E] %96 :562 H96C6 J@F <?@H[ H96C6 J@F 2C6 2?5 H92E J@FC 6IA6C:6?46D 2C6 H:E9 E96 36249 @C H:E9 E96 >@F?E2:?D @C 2?JE9:?8[ J@F <?@H[ =:<6 =:<6 7@C >6[ =:<6 8@:?8 E@ E96 >@F?E2:?D[ =:<6 :D ;FDE =:<6 2 7@C6:8? 4@?46AE] %96 =:EE=6 >@F?E2:?D :? }6H y6CD6J 5@?VE 4@F?E[ 3FE 8@:?8 E@ E96 36249 :D =:<6[ *629[ 6G6CJ3@5J 5@6D E92E[ 3FE :EVD G:46 G6CD2]k^Am
kAms6A6?5:?8 @? H96C6 J@F 2C6] p== C:89E] $@ 8@@5 6A:D@56 H:E9 #2?5J 96C6] z:CDE6?[ J@FVC6 H@C<:?8 @? @FC ?6IE A@542DE 8F6DE 4@>:?8 FA ?6IE |@?52J] %6== FD 2 =:EE=6 3:E 23@FE H92E H6 92G6 8@:?8 @?]k^Am
kAm*629[ D@ <:?5 @7 A=2J:?8 @77 @7 E9:D E@@] *@F <?@H[ H6 H6C6 E2=<:?8 23@FE 9@H[ J@F <?@H[ H62E96C :>A24ED[ @7 4@FCD6[ E96 @462? E96? 2?5 2?5 2?5 DFC7:?8 2?5[ J@F <?@H[ :E 2=D@ :>A24ED DA@CED] p?5 H6VG6 E2=<65 23@FE E92E 2 3F?49 :? E96 A2DE E@@[ x E9:?<] p?5 2?5 D@ H92E H6 92G6 8@:?8 @?[ H6VC6 8@:?8 E@ 36 DA62<:?8 H:E9 2? ~$& DEF56?E]k^Am
kAm$96 :D D96VD 2 C62==J 4@@= 8:C=] *@F <?@H[ xV> C62==J G6CJ :?DA:C65 3J 96C[ E@@] x E9:?< D96VD 5@:?8 2 =@E 2=C625J ;FDE 2E 96C J@F?8 286[ 3FE D96 :D 2=D@ 2? 2G:5 8@=76C 2?5 H:E9 @9[ J@F H2?E 2 8@=7 D49@=2CD9:A :?:E:2==J[ E@@[ 2?5 92D AFE E96 EH@ E@86E96C] w6C EH@ =@G6D 8@=7 2?5 H62E96C] p?5 D@ H6VC6 8@:?8 E@ 9@A67F==J D:E 5@H? 2?5 492E H:E9 96C 2 =:EE=6 3:E @?[ J@F <?@H[ 9@H >F49 E96 H62E96C 5@6D :>A24E E96 8@=7 82>6]k^Am
kAmpH6D@>6] (6==[ H6VC6 =@@<:?8 7@CH2C5 E@ E92E] (6 92G6 E96 @A6? 492>A:@?D9:A 4@>:?8 FA[ E@@] $@ 8@@5 E:>:?8 2D H6==] qFE H6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ HC2A :E FA 7@C E9:D H66<VD 6A:D@56 @7 E96 p4C@DD E96 $<J A@542DE] #6>6>36C ?6H 6A:D@56D 6G6CJ |@?52J] r964< :E @FE H96C6G6C J@F 86E J@FC A@542DE 2?5 H6V== 36 H:E9 J@F D@@?] ~? 3692=7 @7 $62? $F3=6EE6[ z:CDE6? {2?86 2?5 |2EE w@=:?6C[ H9@ 42??@E 36 H:E9 FD E9:D H66<[ xV> y@6 |2CEF44:]k^Am
kAm(6V== E2=< E@ J@F D@@?]k^Am
